PLAN TYPE |
MAY
BE SUITABLE FOR |
PLAN
FEATURES |
ELIGIBILITY
REQUIREMENTS |
PLAN
CONTRIBUITON LIMITS |
DISTRIBUTIONS |
DEADLINES |
|
401(K) |
·
Small
to large employers (tax-exempt and for-profit entities) who want to offer a
salary reduction plan with a maximum number of design options |
·
May
be primarily employee funded ·
May
include discretionary employer contributions and/or employer matching
contributions ·
Flexibility
in plan design ·
May
allow for loans ·
Pre-tax
contributions reduce employee's current taxable income ·
Vesting
schedules available for employer contributions ·
Generally
requires ADP/ACP nondiscrimination testing ·
Matching
contribution may be used to meet top-heavy requirement, if applicable |
Must include all employees who: ·
Are
age 21 or older ·
Have
completed one year of service (must have worked at least 1,000 hours) May exclude certain: ·
Union
employees ·
Nonresident
aliens ·
Nondiscriminatory
classes of employees ·
May
condition eligibility of employer contributions on minimum number of hours or
last day rules |
·
$13,000
deferral limit (will be $14,000 in 2005) ·
Maximum
employee limit is 100% of gross compensation, not to exceed $40,000 based on
the first $200,000 (indexed) of compensation ·
Maximum
tax-deductible employer contribution is 25% of gross eligible payroll ·
Additional
"catch-up" salary deferral contributions available for employees
who are at least age 50 ·
Certain
employees may be eligible to receive a tax credit of up to 50% (not to exceed
$1,000) on salary deferral contributions |
Distribution Events: ·
Attainment
of the plan's normal retirement age ·
Attainment
of age 59 ½ ·
Financial
hardship ·
Permanent
disability ·
Death
·
Five
or more years of participation (regular employer contributions only) ·
Plan
termination without successor plan ·
Separation
from service ·
Minimum
distributions required at age 70 ½ or retirement, whichever is later |
·
Plan
must be adopted by last day of first plan year ·
Employer
contributions must be made by the employer's tax-filing deadline, plus
extensions for prior-year deductibility ·
Salary
deferrals made only on a calendar-year basis |
|
403(B)(7) |
·
Employees
of public schools and 501(c)(3) organizations |
·
Primarily
employee funded ·
Employer
may make matching or discretionary contributions ·
Pre-tax
contributions reduce employee's current taxable income ·
Generally
exempt from ERISA if exclusively employee funded ·
Vesting
schedule may apply to employer contributions |
·
Generally,
all employees willing to defer at least $200 ·
Age
and service requirements may apply to employer contributions |
·
Maximum
Exclusion Allowance (MEA) is repealed ·
$13,000
deferral limit (will be $14,000 in 2005) ·
Maximum
employee limit is 100% of gross compensation not to exceed $40,000, based on
the first $200,000 (indexed) of compensation ·
Additional
“catch-up” salary deferral contributions available for employees who are at
least age 50 ·
Certain
employees may be eligible to receive a tax credit of up to 50% (not to exceed
$1,000) on salary deferral contributions |
Distribution
Events: ·
Attainment
of the plan's normal retirement age ·
Financial
hardship ·
Permanent
disability ·
Death
·
Separation
from service ·
Minimum
distributions required at age 70 ½ or retirement, whichever is later |
·
Salary
deferrals made only on a calendar-year basis |
|
TRADITIONAL IRA |
·
Wage
earning individuals who want to save for retirement ·
Non-employed
spouses who file a joint tax return |
·
Contributions
may be tax deductible ·
Can
be used in conjunction with any retirement plan ·
Beginning
in 2003, individuals may make IRA contributions to their employer's qualified
plan |
·
Must
be under age 70 ½ to contribute ·
Must
have earned compensation during the year ·
Income
thresholds may apply regarding deductibility of contributions if covered by a
qualified plan |
·
$3,000
or 100% of compensation, whichever is less
·
Non-employed
spouses may also contribute up to $3,000 ·
Additional
“catch-up” contributions available for individuals who are at least age 50 ·
Certain
individuals may be eligible to receive a tax credit of up to 50% (not to
exceed $1,000) on IRA contributions |
·
Distributions
taken prior to age 59 ½ may be subject to 10% premature penalty tax, in
addition to ordinary income tax, unless rolled over within 60 days ·
Minimum
distributions are required at age 70 ½ |
·
Tax-filing
deadline, not including extensions (usually April 15) |
|
457 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN |
·
State
& Local Governments and their agencies ·
State
Political Subdivision and their agencies ·
Tax-Exempt
Organizations (other than a governmental unit) |
·
Pay
for retirement ·
Pre-tax
contributions mean more savings and lower federal income taxes for the
participant ·
Deferred
compensation accounts compound tax deferred. Over time, tax-deferred
compounding can double investment returns compared to taxable investments
|
·
Employees
or independent contractors with earned compensation from an eligible Employer.
The Employer may choose to offer the plan to only highly compensated
employees or to other particular groups of employees. (Non-governmental
tax-exempt organizations can only maintain a 457 Plan if the plan is limited
to a select group of management or highly compensated employees. This is
referred to as a "Top Hat" plan) |
·
Maximum
Salary Deferral Limit: ·
Additional
"Catch-Up" contributions: If permitted by the Employer, employees
may elect to increase their Salary Deferrals to compensate for prior years
during which they did not make maximum deferrals. During each of the last
three years ending before the employee attains normal retirement age, an employee
may defer up to the lesser of $15,000, or the sum of the maximum deferral
limit for prior years, minus amounts previously deferred |
Distribution
Events: ·
Death
·
Calendar
year in which participant attains age 70 ½
·
Separation
from service ·
Unforeseeable
Emergency, if permitted by the employer ·
Generally,
April 1st of the calendar year following the year in which the participant
attains age 70 ½, whichever is later (subject to certain exceptions) |
·
The
plan may be established and funded any time during the calendar year ·
Salary
deferrals for a participant may be made only with respect to compensation ·
Plans
established by state and local governments (or their agencies) after August 20,
1996 must hold plan assets in trust (or custodial accounts or annuity
contracts) for the exclusive benefit of participants. Plans in existence on
August 20, 1996, are exempt from this trust requirement until January 1, 1999
|